Geochemical Fractionation of Copper (Cu), Lead (Pb), and Zinc (Zn) in Sediment and their Correlations with Concentrations in Bivalve Mollusc Anadara indica from Coastal Area of Banten Province, Indonesia

Abstract

Surface sediments collected from four sampling stations, each from the coastal area of Tanjung Pasir, Tangerang, and coastal areas of Panimbang, Pandeglang, Banten Province have been geochemically [easily, freely, leachable or exchangeable (EFLE), acid-reducible/Fe-Mn Oxides, oxidisable-organic and resistant] analyzed using AAS Shimadzu 6300 series. Cu, Pb, and Zn content in sediment fraction were correlated with the respective metal concentrations in tissues of Anadara indica collected from the same stations as for those sediment samples. The objective of this study was to determine the concentrations of heavy metals Cu, Pb and Zn in sediments and A. indica as well as to relate the possible differences in the accumulation patterns of Cu, Pb and Zn in A. indica to those in the geochemical fractions in the surface sediment. The results revealed that heavy metal concentrations were recorded to be higher in stations closed to the industries and anthropogenic activities (Garapan rivermouth, Tanjung Pasir) compared to agricultural activities (Cibungur rivermouth, Panimbang). Significant (p < 0.01) correlations were observed between Cu in the soft tissue of A. indica with exchangeable, Fe-Mn oxides, oxidisable organic, residual fractions of Cu in the sediment, and Fe-Mn oxides, oxidisable organic, residual fraction for Pb, while significant correlations were observed between Zn in soft tissue of A. indica with Fe-Mn oxides and oxidisable organic fractions. It is suggested that the soft tissue of A. indica could be used as a useful biomonitoring agent for Cu, Pb, and Zn pollution.