Development of a Biochemical Oxygen Demand Sensor Using Gold-Modified Boron Doped Diamond Electrodes

Abstract

Gold-modified boron doped diamond (BDD) electrodes were examined for the amperometric detection of oxygen as well as a detector for measuring biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) using Rhodotorula mucilaginosa UICC Y-181. An optimum potential of −0.5 V (vs Ag/AgCl) was applied, and the optimum waiting time was observed to be 20 min. A linear calibration curve for oxygen reduction was achieved with a sensitivity of 1.4 μA mg–1 L oxygen. Furthermore, a linear calibration curve in the glucose concentration range of 0.1–0.5 mM (equivalent to 10–50 mg L–1 BOD) was obtained with an estimated detection limit of 4 mg L–1 BOD. Excellent reproducibility of the BOD sensor was shown with an RSD of 0.9%. Moreover, the BOD sensor showed good tolerance against the presence of copper ions up to a maximum concentration of 0.80 μM (equivalent to 50 ppb). The sensor was applied to BOD measurements of the water from a lake at the University of Indonesia in Jakarta, Indonesia, with results comparable to those made using a standard method for BOD measurement.